Na Pono Mechanical o ke kila

1. Lae hua

I ka wā e ʻōlima ʻia ai ke kila a i ʻole ka laʻana, ke ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka palena elastic, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole e piʻi ke koʻikoʻi, ke hoʻomau nei ke kila a i ʻole ka laʻana i ka deformation plastik maopopo, i kapa ʻia ʻo yielding, a me ka waiwai koʻikoʻi haʻahaʻa i ka wā e kū mai ai ka hanana. no ka helu hua.E lilo ka Ps i ka ikaika o waho ma ke kiko hua s, a ʻo Fo ka ʻāpana kea o ka hāpana, a laila ke kiko hua σs = Ps/Fo (MPa)..

2. E hāʻawi i ka ikaika

ʻAʻole ʻike nui ʻia ka helu hua o kekahi mau mea metala a paʻakikī ke ana.No laila, no ke ana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona hua o ka mea, ʻo ke koʻikoʻi i ka wā e like ai ka deformation plastic koena mau me kahi waiwai (maʻamau 0.2% o ka lōʻihi kumu).ʻo ia ka ikaika hāʻawi kūlana a i ʻole ka ikaika hāʻawi wale σ0.2.

3. Ka ikaika tensile

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i loaʻa e ka mea i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana a hiki i ka haki.Hōʻike ia i ka hiki o ke kila ke pale aku i ka haki ʻana.E like me ka ikaika tensile, aia ka ikaika compressive, flexural strength, etc. E hoʻolilo iā Pb i ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe loa i loaʻa ma mua o ka huki ʻia ʻana o ka mea.

ikaika, ʻo Fo ka ʻāpana ʻāpana keʻa o ka hāpana, a laila ka ikaika tensile σb = Pb/Fo (MPa).

4. Elongation

Ma hope o ka haki ʻana o ka mea, ua kapa ʻia ka pākēneka o kona lōʻihi elongation plastic i ka lōʻihi kumu kumu he elongation a i ʻole elongation.

5. Lakiō ikaika hua

ʻO ka lakio o ka helu huaʻai (ka ikaika hua) o ke kila i ka ikaika tensile i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ratio hua-ikaika.ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ratio hua, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hilinaʻi o nā ʻāpana hana.ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo 06-0.65 ka hopena o ke kila kalapona, a ʻo ke kila kila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa he 065-0.75, a ʻo ke kila kila kila he 0.84-0.86.

6. Oolea

Hōʻike ka paʻakikī i ka hiki i kahi mea ke pale i ke kaomi ʻana o kahi mea paʻakikī i kona ʻili.ʻO ia kekahi o nā hōʻailona hana nui o nā mea metala.ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana.ʻO nā hōʻailona paʻakikī maʻamau ʻo Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness a me Vickers hardness.